Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2017. № 2 (22). P. 193—208

07.00.00 HISTORICAL SCIENCES AND ARCHEOLOGY

UDC 94(470.56).084

Safonov Dmitry Anatolyevich, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor
Orenburg State University

“LESE MAJESTE” AS AN INDICATOR OF SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE PROVINCIAL SOCIETY OF LATE XIX — EARLY XX CENTURIES

Abstract

Continuous study of criminal cases in one region — Orenburg province — that were brought on “lese majeste” article (Article 246 of the Penal Code and Criminal Corrections (1885) and Article 103 of the Criminal Law (1903)), led to a number of observations: records of the words of the accused can be considered like their perception of life of the higher echelons of power. Within this period a palpable evolution in the attitude of masses towards the rule of law can be seen. The common idea, which exists in historiography, that those materials are the evidence of mass rejection of the “naive monarchism” and their attitude to the autocracy must be corrected.

Key words

Province, social awareness, sense of justice, autocracy, “lese majeste”, tsar.

The full text of the article PDF (Russian)

References

1. Vinogradov V. A. Antitsaristskie vyskazyvaniya krest’yan — forma ideinogo vyrazheniya klassovoi bor’by v poreformennoi derevne: 60-e — nachalo 80-kh gg. XIX v. (po materialam Tverskoi, Yaroslavskoi, Kostromskoi i Nizhegorodskoi gubernii) [The anti-tsarist utterances of peasants are a form of ideological expression of the class struggle in the post-reform village: the 60s — the beginning of the 80s. XIX century. (Based on the materials of the Tver, Yaroslavl, Kostroma and Nizhny Novgorod provinces)]. Voprosy istoriografii i istorii krest’yanstva [Questions of Historiography and the History of the Peasantry]. Kalinin, 1975, pp. 50—68. (In Russian)
2. Vinogradov V. A. Istochniki dlya izucheniya mirovozzreniya poreformennogo krest’yanstva [Sources for studying the world outlook of the post-reform peasantry]. Istochnikovedenie otechestvennoi istorii [Source Studies of Russian History]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1980, is. 1, pp. 157—176. (In Russian)
3. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Orenburgskoi oblasti [State Archives of the Orenburg Region] (GAOO). F. 21. Op. 1. D. 6.
4. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 60.
5. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 143.
6. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 144.
7. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 147.
8. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 153.
9. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 157.
10. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 159.
11. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 164.
12. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 169.
13. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 170.
14. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 173.
15. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 181.
16. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 188.
17. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 208.
18. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 211.
19. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 216.
20. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 219.
21. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 220.
22. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 223.
23. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 234.
24. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 240.
25. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 247.
26. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 255.
27. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 1. D. 274.
28. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 14.
29. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 16.
30. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 21.
31. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 33.
32. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 34.
33. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 41.
34. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 42.
35. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 43.
36. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 45.
37. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 79.
38. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 83.
39. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 86.
40. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 89.
41. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 94.
42. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 97.
43. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 100.
44. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 119.
45. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 127.
46. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 134.
47. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 159.
48. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 214.
49. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 224.
50. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 236.
51. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 239.
52. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 242.
53. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 316.
54. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 353.
55. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 367.
56. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 386.
57. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 402.
58. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 408.
59. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 432.
60. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 445.
61. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 446.
62. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 463.
63. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 532.
64. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 559.
65. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 581.
66. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 2. D. 609.
67. GAOO. F. 21. Op. 9. D. 2.
68. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 3. D. 263.
69. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 3. D. 272.
70. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 3. D. 353.
71. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 4. D. 300.
72. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 4. D. 397.
73. GAOO. F. 10. Op. 4. D. 440.
74. Kabytov P. S., Kozlov V. A., Litvak B. G. Russkoe krest’yanstvo: etapy dukhovnogo osvobozhdeniya [Russian peasantry: the stages of spiritual liberation]. Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1988. 237 p. (In Russian)
75. Karevskaya A. G. Krest’yanstvo Samarskoi gubernii v gody vtoroi revolyutsionnoi situatsii v Rossii (konets 70-kh — nach. 80-kh godov XIX v.) [The peasantry of the Samara province in the years of the second revolutionary situation in Russia (late 70s — early 80s of the XIX century)]. Nauchnye trudy Kuibyshevskogo GPI im. Kuibysheva [Scientific works of the Kuibyshev SPI n.a. Kuibyshev]. Kuibyshev, 1975, vol. 160, is. 5, pp. 54—62. (In Russian)
76. Konovalova N. A. Ob izuchenii problemy oskorbleniya krest’yanami osoby gosudarya imperatora v nachale XX veka [On the study of the problem of insulting peasants by the emperor’s sovereignty in the early twentieth century]. Vestnik Omskogo universiteta, 2014, no. 1, pp. 42—47. (In Russian)
77. Kuznetsov I. V. Obraz tsarya v soznanii krest’yanstva Vologodskoi gubernii vo vtoroi polovine XIX — nach. XX v. po sledstvennym delam ob oskorblenii imeni i titula imperatora i chlenov imperatorskoi sem’i [The image of the tsar in the consciousness of the peasantry of the Vologda province in the second half of the XIX — beginning of XX century. On investigative matters about insulting the name and title of the emperor and members of the imperial family]. Vestnik arkhivista, 2013, no. 3, pp. 215—226. (In Russian)
78. Litvak B. G. Krest’yanskoe dvizhenie v Rossii v 1775—1904 gg. Istoriya i metodika izucheniya istochnikov [The peasant movement in Russia in 1775—1904. History and methods of studying the sources]. Moscow, 1989. (In Russian)
79. Novoe ugolovnoe ulozhenie, Vysochaishe utverzhdennoe 22 marta 1903 g. [The new criminal code, Highest approved on March 22, 1903]. St. Petersburg, Kamennoostrovskogo knizhnogo magazina V. P. Anisimova Publ., 1903. 130 p. (In Russian)
80. Pishchulin V. Narodovol’cheskoe dvizhenie 70-kh godov v Orenburgskom krae [“Narodnaya Volya” movement of 70-ies in the Orenburg region]. Trudy obshchestva izucheniya Kirgizskogo kraya [Proceedings of the Society for the Study of the Kyrgyz Krai]. Orenburg, 1922, is. 3, pp. 90—116. (In Russian)
81. Safonov D. A. Deyatel’nost’ pravookhranitel’nykh organov Rossii kontsa XIX — nachala XX veka po pravoprimeneniyu statei ob “oskorblenii velichestva” [Activities of law enforcement authorities of Russia in late XIX — early XX century on the enforcement of “lese Majeste” articles]. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Elektronnyi nauchnyi zhurnal — Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2016, no. 4 (20), pp. 171—184. Available at: http://vestospu.ru/archive/2016/articles/17_20_2016.pdf. (In Russian)
82. Trofimov D. V. Sotsial’no-politicheskie nastroeniya rossiiskogo krest’yanstva v poreformennyi period 1861—1905 gg.: avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk [Socio-political sentiments of the Russian peasantry in the post-reform period of 1861—1905. Abstr. Cand. Dis.]. Moscow, 2005. (In Russian)
83. Volkov V. V., comp. Ulozhenie o nakazaniyakh ugolovnykh i ispravitel’nykh: Izdanie 1885 g. i po prod. 1912 g.: S izvlech. iz reshenii Pravitel’stvuyushchego senata, Svoda zakonov, svodov voen. i mor. postanovlenii, s ukazaniem podsudnosti, sudoproizvodstv. pravil i pril. [The Code of Criminal and Correctional Penalties: Edition of 1885 and Prod. 1912: With extract. From the decisions of the Governing Senate, the Code of Laws, military and navy codes, decisions, indicating jurisdiction, legal proceedings, rules and adjustments] St. Petersburg, Yurid. kn. mag. I. I. Zubkova, p./f. “Zakonovedenie” Publ., 1914. XII, 1464 p. (In Russian)