Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal.2017. № 2(22). P. 19—28
03.00.00 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
UDC 591.522:599-19(470.55)“627”
Kosintsev Pavel Andreevich, Candidate of Biological Sciences
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Kisagulov Anton Vladimirovich, engineer
Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
FAUNA OF MAMMALS OF THE BOLSHAYA KARAGANKA RIVER BASIN (SOUTH TRANS-URALS) DURING THE HOLOCENE
Abstract
The article gives the analysis of the species composition of mammalian fossil fauna from 18 sites of the Middle and Late Holocene located in the basin of the Bolshaya Karaganka River (Southern Trans-Urals). It describes the changes in the fauna of large mammals during mid subboreal period, historical time (XVIII—XIX centuries) and the beginning of the 20th century. The mid subboreal period witnessed the domination of eurybiontic species in the fauna of large mammals (hare, beaver, wolf, red fox) and types of open landscapes (marmot, corsac fox, steppe polecat, onager, aurochs, saiga antelope). There were not many species of forest and forest-steppe landscapes (brown bear, badger, moose, red deer, roe deer). By historical time the tour and the European badger had disappeared from the fauna and an Asian badger had appeared. The Asian badger had replaced the European badger. The reason for the disappearance of the aurochs is not known. By the beginning of the 20th century beaver, brown bear, onager, wild boar, red deer and saiga had disappeared from the fauna. Reduction of ranges of these species occurred as a result of the influence of anthropogenic factor — direct extermination and competition with domestic ungulates. The present composition of the teriofauna of the region was formed in the 20th century.
Key words
Mammals, the Holocene, fauna, Southern Urals, range.
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