Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2020. № 1 (33). P. 132—143
07.00.00 HISTORICAL SCIENCES AND ARCHEOLOGY
UDC 94(47)“1941/1945”
Potemkina Marina Nikolaevna, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University Tokarev Egor Vladimirovich, Undergraduate
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
MOTIVATION OF LABOR IN THE SOUTH URAL INDUSTRY: MECHANISMS AND PRACTICE OF THE WAR PERIOD (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MAGNITOGORSK IRON AND STEEL WORKS 1941—1945)
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the analysis of workers’ labor motivation, their evolution, and the impact on the production workflow using the example of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works functioning in 1941—1945. Documents from regional archives were used as a source of research. The methodological basis of the study was based on the theoretical provisions of the “working history”. Specific examples helped to analyze the use of three forms of motivation by management: coercion, motivation, and reward. It is concluded that the labor motivation system that was established in Soviet enterprises in the pre-war period, combining all three forms of motivation, did not undergo drastic changes in the war period, the dominance of coercive methods of influence only increased. Two periods are distinguished: in the second half of 1941—1942, along with the tightening of coercive measures, propaganda methods were effectively used to induce workers to shock work; in the period 1943—1945 we can talk about a gradual shift of emphasis on reward measures in the form of material incentives.
Key words
Great Patriotic War, Magnitogorsk, labour incentives, labour force, production.
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Bibliography link to this article:
Potemkina M. N., Tokarev E. V. Motivation of labor in the South Ural industry: mechanisms and practice of the war period (on the example of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works 1941—1945). Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2020, no. 1 (33), pp. 132—143. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2020.33.12.