Romanov A. A. Natural science studies of early medieval strata of the Ufa-2 settlement

Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2020. № 4 (36). P. 284—310

07.00.00 HISTORICAL SCIENCES AND ARCHEOLOGY

UDC 902/904

Romanov Aleksey Aleksandrovich, Postgraduate student
The Institution of History, Language and Literature of Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Science

NATURAL SCIENCE STUDIES OF EARLY MEDIEVAL STRATA OF THE UFA-2 SETTLEMENT

Abstract

The settlement Ufa-2 is one of the key archaeological monuments of the forest-steppe Cis-Urals. Archaeological research at the site was carried out from 1953 to 2018. In total, more than 2893 m² were explored. The depth of the cultural layer reaches 3—4 m. The site is associated with the population of mainly Bakhmutino (Chandar type), Turbasly and Imenkovo (Romanovka type) cultures. Less represented is the ceramic material of the Kushnarenkovo archaeological culture and the Karayakupovo type. According to the research data, the archaeological site dates back to the Middle Ages, however, the bulk of the objects found in the cultural layer belong to the period from the 4^th to the 9^th century AD. In the course of field archaeological work the layout of the residential part of the monument, the size and period of functioning of the fortifications were established. During the study of the settlement a large number of various natural scientific studies were carried out, however, no attempts were made to combine the results obtained in a single outline. For further study of the settlement, it is necessary to bring together the conclusions obtained in the course of field work and natural science research. In the process of studying osteological materials, the data were obtained on the composition and age structure of the herd, the role of hunting and fishing in the life support of the population. The productive economy included the manufacture of ceramic dishes and stone products, bone carving and leatherworking, bronze casting and wool spinning. Metal wares and beads made it possible to research the trade relations of the population of the Ufa Peninsula with the Volga, Prikamye, Syria, Crimea and Egypt. Based on palynological data, stages of succession of plant communities were established. In the final part of this work, the actual directions of further study of the settlement are formulated.

Key words

Forest-steppe Cis Urals, settlement Ufa-2, Early Middle Ages, Bakhmutino culture, Turbasly culture, Kushnarenkovo culture, Romanovka type.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2020.36.17

The full text of the article PDF (Russian)

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