Daily judicial activities of the Chusovskaya volost judges of the Perm province in the mid-1880s and early 1890s
Ivan A. Popp, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor
Ural State Pedagogical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, popp82@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-1126
Abstract
The microanalysis of the activities of volost judges in the Chusovskaya administration of the Perm province made it possible to recreate the social reality of the past and show the daily routine of peasant social life in the Urals, its legal traditions, patterns and norms of human behavior, actions, assessments of reality, thoughts and actions of rural residents, including gender aspect. As part of the study, it was possible to identify permanent panel of judges who settled cases at any time of the year with respect to traditions and customary law, often based on positive law. In family disputes, judges defended women and the older generation, but for mutual peasant quarrels for educational purposes they applied the principle — “sin in halves”. Women actively participated in legal proceedings: every fourth trial concerned village women. For offenses, volost judges punished peasants with fines, arrests, and community service. The author pays special attention to the process of reducing the number of decisions of volost courts related to corporal punishment for peasants who committed criminal offenses. In general, the volost court was effectively used by representatives of rural and volost self-government, who complained to the judges about minor offenses of peasants, especially for “disturbing their own household”, non-payment of taxes and duties.
Popp I. A. Daily judicial activities of the Chusovskaya volost judges of the Perm province in the mid-1880s and early 1890s. Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2023, no. 3 (47), pp. 228—244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2023.47.15.
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