Pislegin N. V. Settlements of Besermyans in the XVII

Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2024. № 3 (51). P. 257—273

HISTORICAL SCIENCES

Original article

UDC 94(470.51)“16/19”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2024.51.15

Settlements of Besermyans in the XVII — mid-XX century

Nikolaj V. Pislegin, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher
Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, Russia, cpeg@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3031-031X

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of the network of settlements of Besermyans, the main routes of their migration in the 17^th — mid-20^th centuries. The main sources for the study were the materials of census descriptions and household censuses, census tales, statistical data, the works of P. M. Sorokin and T. I. Teplyashina. At the beginning of the 17^th century, Besermyans were recorded in six pogosts (or villages) and began to settle in another pochinok (small new settlement or forest clearing). By the middle of the 17^th century, the first villages and pochinoks appeared on the territory of the modern Udmurt Republic. The greatest increase in the number of Besermyan settlements was observed in the second half of the 18^th — early 19^th centuries. More than a quarter of them were abandoned fairly quickly, sometimes later Besermyans reappeared in previously abandoned places. From the very beginning, their characteristic feature was cohabitation with representatives of neighboring peoples (Tatars, Udmurts, Russians). Assimilation processes were observed already at the early stages. Mass Christianization, on the one hand, accelerated the Tatarization of the Besermyans who had not accepted baptism, on the other hand, it contributed to the inclusion of a relatively small part of the baptized Chepetsk Tatars into their ranks. In the middle of the 20^th century, representatives of the people lived in dozens of villages, mainly located in Northern Udmurtia. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Besermyan surnames and their transformation according to the censuses of the early — mid-18^th century. The composition of nicknames derived from grandfathers’ names that had emerged by the beginning of the 18^th century was supplemented in the middle of the century by surnames of Christian and, to a lesser extent, traditional origin.

Keywords

Besermyans, Chepetsk Tatars, Udmurts, migration, settlement network, Karinsky Stan, Northern Udmurtia, assimilation, surnames, Christianization.

For citation:

Pislegin N. V. Settlements of Besermyans in the XVII — mid-XX century. Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2024, no. 3 (51), pp. 257—273. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2024.51.15.

The full text of the article PDF (Russian)

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