Rodnov M. I., Tagirova L. F. The “Kirghiz” of Ufa and Orenburg provinces...

Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2025. № 1 (53). P. 218—232

HISTORICAL SCIENCES

Original article

UDC [94:39(=512.122)](470.55/.58)“18/19”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2025.53.14

The “Kirghiz” of Ufa and Orenburg provinces in early 20^th century (late migrations of the Kirghiz-Kaisaks)

Mikhail I. Rodnov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher
Order of the Badge of Honor Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Rodnov@ufacom.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7654-4782

Leyla F. Tagirova, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Researcher
Order of the Badge of Honor Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, sleila.83@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-2694

Abstract

The article is the first to publish statistical data on the size of the Kazakh population of the Southern Urals (Ufa and Orenburg provinces, Lesser Bashkiria) in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It provides data on the number of residents and economy by villages, volosts and districts (cantons). The information was collected both from zemstvo statistics and from household cards of the all-Russia censuses of 1917 and 1920, processed by the authors of the article. In the geography of the Kazakh population, the northeast of the region (Zlatoust district) stands out, where Kazakhs/Kirghiz settled in the pre-reform period and in several cases formed independent rural communities/societies, which was one of the main factors in preserving national identity in the context of a related ethno-confessional environment and delayed the assimilation of Kazakhs among the Bashkirs and Tatars. Primary sources (household cards from two censuses) clearly indicate the stability of the ethnonym “Kirghiz” in the Southern Urals until the beginning of the Soviet era.

Keywords

Demography, Kazakhs, Kirghiz, Kirghiz-Kaisaks, Lesser Bashkiria, Orenburg Province, 1917 census, 1920 census, Ufa province, economy, ethnicity, Southern Urals.

For citation:

Rodnov M. I., Tagirova L. F. The “Kirghiz” of Ufa and Orenburg provinces in early 20^th century (late migrations of the Kirghiz-Kaisaks). Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2025, no. 1 (53), pp. 218—232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2025.53.14.

The full text of the article PDF (Russian)

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