Tourism as a form of leisure activity in the system of Soviet ideological and mass work in 1960s — 1970s (on the example of the Kuibyshev region)
Irina S. Samsonova, Postgraduate Student
Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia, samsonova-irina.tlt@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-4266
Abstract
The article examines the development of tourism in the Kuibyshev region and its significance in Soviet society in the 1960s — 1970s. The analysis of the organizational and administrative documents of the Presidium of the Central Council of Sports Societies and Organizations of the USSR, as well as of the reporting documents of the Kuibyshev City Committee, the Regional Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, and the Kuibyshev Regional Council of Trade Unions allowed us to study the organization of leisure activities for Soviet citizens of various ages in the Kuibyshev region. Examining the regulatory and legal acts governing tourist rallies, hikes, and festivals helped to determine their role in the development of mass tourism, the promotion of sports tourism and healthy lifestyle, and the ideological education of young people. The review of the tourist brochures of the Kuibyshev Regional Council for Tourism and Excursions and the use of archival materials covering the participation of youth from the region in All-Union hikes to Sites of Military Glory made it possible to identify local history topics in the context of the implementation of ideological and mass work in the Kuibyshev region. An attempt was made to study the role of tourism in the education of Soviet youth in the Kuibyshev region in the 1960s and 1970s. Statistical data and information from reports of the Kuibyshev regional Komsomol committee and city Komsomol committees on the participation of youth from the Kuibyshev region in the All-Union Expeditions to Sites of Military Glory, is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Keywords
Tourism, Soviet ideological and mass work, “Zhigulevskaya krugosvetka”, Grushin festival, hiking routes, local history, communist education.
For citation:
Samsonova I. S. Tourism as a form of leisure activity in the system of Soviet ideological and mass work in 1960s — 1970s (on the example of the Kuibyshev region). Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2025, no. 4 (56), pp. 191—207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2025.56.12.
1. Baishev N. I. Razvitie turizma v Kuibyshevskoi oblasti vo vtoroi polovine 1940-kh — 1960-e gg. [Development of tourism in the Kuibyshev region in the second half of the 1940—1960-ies]. Vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. Istoriya, pedagogika, filologiya — Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology, 2016, no. 1, pp. 70—74. (In Russian)
2. Volzhskii turist: reklamno-informatsionnyi prospect [Volga Tourist: Advertising and Information Brochure]. Kuibyshev, Volzhskaya kommuna Publ., 1981. 36 p. (In Russian)
3. Iz obrashcheniya oblastnogo sleta pobeditelei pokhoda po mestam revolyutsionnoi, boevoi i trudovoi slavy sovetskogo naroda (26 iyunya 1967 g.) [From the address of the regional rally of the winners of the march to the sites of revolutionary, military, and labor glory of the Soviet people (June 26, 1967)]. Let legendarnykh pereklichka: Kuibyshevskii komsomol za 50 let v tsifrakh, faktakh, dokumentakh [Roll call of legendary years: The Kuibyshev Komsomol for 50 years in figures, facts, and documents]. Kuibyshev, Kn. izd-vo Publ., 1968, pp. 353—355. (In Russian)
4. Iz raportov uchastnikov oblastnogo sleta pobeditelei pokhoda po mestam revolyutsionnoi, boevoi i trudovoi slavy sovetskogo naroda (1967 g.) [From the reports of the participants of the regional rally of the winners of the march to the places of revolutionary, military and labor glory of the Soviet people (1967)]. Let legendarnykh pereklichka: Kuibyshevskii komsomol za 50 let v tsifrakh, faktakh, dokumentakh [Roll call of legendary years. Kuibyshev Komsomol for 50 years in figures, facts, documents]. Kuibyshev, Kn. izd-vo Publ., 1968, pp. 348—353. (In Russian)
5. Kirsanova I. A. Obuchenie ekskursovodov i gidov-perevodchikov v 1960—1980-e gody (na primere Kuibyshevskoi oblasti) [Training of tour guides and guide-interpreters in the 1960s–1980s (using the Kuibyshev region as an example)]. Vestnik assotsiatsii vuzov turizma i servisa, 2013, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 86—93. DOI: 10.12737/1840. (In Russian)
6. Koenker D. SPAsibo partii. Otdykh, puteshestviya i sovetskaya mechta [Thank you to the party. Leisure, travel, and the Soviet dream]. St. Petersburg, Academic Studies Press/Bibliorossika Publ., 2022. 455 p. (In Russian)
7. Krotov B. Lev Sandler: Istoriya Grushinskogo festivalya nepredskazuema [Lev Sandler: The history of the Grushin Festival is unpredictable]. Khronograf: Oblastnoi analiticheskii ezhenedel’nik [Chronograph: Regional Analytical Weekly], 2013, no. 18 (462). Available at: https://chronograf.ru/articles/?num=347&a=11940. Accessed: 05.07.2025. (In Russian)
8. “Krugosvetka-77” [“Krugosvetka-77”]. Volzhskii komsomolets, 1977. May 21. (In Russian)
9. Kuibyshevskaya gorodskaya organizatsiya VLKSM v tsifrakh i faktakh (1972—1973 gg.): Delegatu XXVII Kuibyshevskoi gorodskoi organizatsii VLKSM [Kuibyshev city organization of the Komsomol in facts and figures (1972—1973). To the delegate of the 27th Kuibyshev City Organization of the Komsomol]. Kuibyshev, Volzhskaya kommuna Publ., 1973. 22 p. (In Russian)
10. Kuibyshevskaya gorodskaya organizatsiya VLKSM v tsifrakh i faktakh (1977—1979 gg.): Delegatu XXX Gorodskoi komsomol’skoi konferentsii [Kuibyshev city organization of the Komsomol in figures and facts (1977—1979). To the delegate of the XXX city Komsomol conference]. Kuibyshev, Volzhskaya kommuna Publ., 1979. 27 p. (In Russian)
11. Letopis’ vazovskoi “Zhigulevskoi krugosvetki”: (sait) [Chronicle of the VAZ “Zhigulevskaya krugosvetka”. Website]. Available at: https://welcomett.narod.ru/ictoria.html. Accessed: 05.07.2025. (In Russian)
12. Malinkin E. M. Istoriya razvitiya turizma v SSSR i Kuibyshevskoi oblasti v dokumentakh Samarskogo oblastnogo gosudarstvennogo arkhiva sotsial’no-politicheskoi istorii [History of tourism development in the USSR and the Kuibyshev region in documents of the Samara regional state archive of socio-political history]. Available at: https://regsamarh.ru/info_act/publication/28.11.2014/all/81/19735/. Accessed: 05.07.2025. (In Russian)
13. Marks K. Instruktsiya delegatam Vremennogo Tsentral’nogo Soveta po otdel’nym voprosam [Instructions to delegates of the provisional central council on specific issues]. Sochineniya: v 30 t. 2-e izd. [Works. In 30 vols. 2nd ed.]. Moscow, Gospolitizdat Publ., 1954, vol. 16, pp. 194—203. (In Russian)
14. Mel’nikova E. A. Rukami naroda: sledopytskoe dvizhenie 1960—1980-kh gg. v SSSR [By the hands of the people. The pathfinder movement of the 1960s—1980s in the USSR]. Antropologicheskii forum, 2018, no. 37, pp. 20—53. Available at: http://anthropologie.kunstkamera.ru/files/pdf/037/melnikova.pdf. DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2018-14-37-20-53. (In Russian)
15. Meropriyatiya obkoma VLKSM, prinyatye na XVIII oblastnoi komsomol’skoi konferentsii (1966 g.) [Activities of the regional Komsomol committee, adopted at the 18th regional Komsomol conference (1966)]. Let legendarnykh pereklichka: Kuibyshevskii komsomol za 50 let v tsifrakh, faktakh, dokumentakh [Roll call of legendary years. The Kuibyshev Komsomol for 50 years in figures, facts, and documents]. Kuibyshev, Kn. izd-vo Publ., 1968, pp. 345—348. (In Russian)
16. Na Pamire est’ vershina VAZa [There’s a VAZ peak in the Pamirs]. Volzhskii avtostroitel’, 1970. Nov. 6. (In Russian)
17. Ob uchastii pionerov i shkol’nikov Kuibyshevskoi oblasti vo Vserossiiskom pokhode “Iz iskry vozgorelos’ plamya”, posvyashchennom 50-letiyu Velikoi Oktyabr’skoi sotsialisticheskoi revolyutsii [On the participation of pioneers and schoolchildren from the Kuibyshev region in the All-Russia hike “From a spark a flame was ignited”, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution]. Kuibyshev, 1966. 11 p. (In Russian)
18. O merakh po vypolneniyu postanovleniya byuro obkoma KPSS ot 19 avgusta 1969 goda o dal’neishem razvitii fizicheskoi kul’tury i sporta v oblasti v svete trebovanii Postanovleniya TsK KPSS i Soveta Ministrov SSSR ot 11 avgusta 1966 goda: Postanovlenie Prezidiuma Kuibyshevskogo oblastnogo soveta professional’nykh soyuzov ot 29 sentyabrya 1969 goda [On measures to implement the resolution of the bureau of the regional committee of the CPSU of August 19, 1969 on the further development of physical culture and sports in the region in light of the requirements of the resolution of the Central committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 11, 1966. Resolution of the presidium of the Kuibyshev regional council of trade unions of September 29, 1969]. Postanovleniya VIII plenuma Kuibyshevskogo oblastnogo soveta profsoyuzov ot 16 oktyabrya 1969 goda “O merakh po vypolneniyu Postanovleniya Byuro obkoma KPSS ot 19 avgusta 1969 goda o dal’neishem razvitii fizicheskoi kul’tury i sporta v oblasti v svete trebovanii Postanovleniya TsK KPSS i Soveta Ministrov SSSR ot 11 avgusta 1966 goda” [Resolutions of the VIII plenum of the Kuibyshev regional council of trade unions of October 16, 1969 “On measures to implement the resolution of the bureau of the regional committee of the CPSU of August 19, 1969 on the further development of physical culture and sports in the region in light of the requirements of the resolution of the Central committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 11, 1966”]. Kuibyshev, Volzhskaya kommuna Publ., 1969, pp. 4—8. (In Russian)
19. O merakh po dal’neishemu razvitiyu turizma i ekskursii v strane: Postanovlenie Tsentral’nogo Komiteta KPSS, Soveta Ministrov SSSR i Vsesoyuznogo Tsentral’nogo Soveta Professional’nykh Soyuzov ot 30 maya 1969 goda № 411 [On measures for the further development of tourism and excursions in the country. Resolution of the Central committee of the CPSU, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and the All-Union central council of trade unions of May 30, 1969, No. 411]. Elektronnaya biblioteka istoricheskikh dokumentov: (sait) [Electronic library of historical documents. Website]. Available at: https://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/414375. Accessed: 25.08.2025. (In Russian)
20. Ostavit’ svet: (o komsomol’skoi organizatsii AvtoVAZa) [Leave the lights on: (on the AvtoVAZ Komsomol organization)]. Tolyatti, AvtoVAZ Publ, [?]. 653 p. (In Russian)
21. Polozhenie o klassifikatsionnykh normativakh po turizmu [Regulations on tourism classification standards]. Turisty, v put’! Marshruty pokhodov po Kuibyshevskoi oblasti [Tourists, on the road! Hiking routes in the Kuibyshev region]. Kuibyshev, Kuibyshev. obl. klub turistov Publ., 1962, pp. 63—66. (In Russian)
22. Polozhenie o traditsionnoi “Zhigulevskoi krugosvetke” [Regulations on the traditional “Zhigulevskaya krugosvetka”]. Letopis’ vazovskoi “Zhigulevskoi krugosvetki”: (sait) [Chronicle of the VAZ “Zhigulevskaya krugosvetka”. Website]. Available at: https://welcomett.narod.ru/ictoria.html. Accessed: 05.07.2025. (In Russian)
23. Polozhenie ob XI turistskom festivale patrioticheskoi pesni imeni Valeriya Grushina [Regulations for the XI Valery Grushin patriotic song festival]. Kuibyshev, 1978. 5 p. (In Russian)
24. Pravila organizatsii samodeyatel’nykh turistskikh puteshestvii na territorii SSSR [Rules for organizing amateur tourist trips in the USSR]. Turisty v put’! Marshruty pokhodov po Kuibyshevskoi oblasti [Tourists on the road! Hiking routes in the Kuibyshev region]. Kuibyshev, Kuibyshev. obl. klub turistov Publ., 1962, pp. 45—62. (In Russian)
25. Programma Kommunisticheskoi partii Sovetskogo Soyuza [Program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]. Moscow, Gospolitizdat Publ., 1961. 144 p. (In Russian)
26. Samarskaya oblast’ kak ob’’ekt istoriko-kul’turnogo i ekologicheskogo turizma: kollektivnaya monografiya [Samara region as an object of historical, cultural, and ecological tourism. A collective monograph]. Samara, Samarskii munitsip. in-t upravleniya Publ., 2005. 216 p. (In Russian)
27. Samarskii oblastnoi arkhiv sotsial’no-politicheskoi istorii [Samara Regional Archive of Socio-Political History] (SOGASPI). F. 656. Op. 143. D. 2.
28. SOGASPI. F. 1683. Op. 34. D. 43.
29. SOGASPI. F. 1683. Op. 34. D. 63.
30. SOGASPI. F. 1683. Op. 34. D. 80.
31. SOGASPI. F. 1683. Op. 34. D. 247.
32. SOGASPI. F. 2097. Op. 1. D. 18.
33. Sobolev I. M. Gorod Kuibyshev: putevoditel’ [Kuybyshev. A guide]. Kuibyshev, Kn. izd-vo Publ., 1966. 320 p. (In Russian)
34. Turistskimi dorogami. 1978 god [Tourist roads. 1978]. Kuibyshev, Turist Publ., 1977. 36 p. (In Russian)
35. Turisty v put’! Marshruty pokhodov po Kuibyshevskoi oblasti [Hikers, hiking routes in the Kuibyshev region]. Kuibyshev, Kuibyshev. obl. klub turistov Publ., 1962. 68 p. (In Russian)
36. Tsetkin K. Iz zapisnoi knizhki [From a Notebook]. O Lenine: sb. statei i vospominanii [About Lenin. A collection of articles and memories]. Moscow, Partiinoe izd-vo Publ., 1933. 96 p. (In Russian)